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Op deze pagina vindt u (Engelstalig) van vele voedingstoffen:
* De functie die de voedingsstof vervult.
* Potentiële tekorten.
* Geconstateerde problemen en symptomen bij tekorten.
* Tot welke ziektes tekorten toe kunnen leiden
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Gezond ouder worden, Preventie en Welzijn.
Functioneren voedingsstoffen en tekorten
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| Nutrient Test |
Choline |
| Nutrient Function |
Methyl donor for amino acid and protein synthesis: Precursor of the neuro-transmitter acetylcholine: Require for synthesis of lecithin: Fat metabolism |
| Deficiency Potential |
Not known |
| Contributors to Deficiencies |
Low fat Diet, poordietary habbits |
| Deficiencies Symptoms & Problems |
Dementia, Anxiety, Depression, Increased fat deposition / weight gain |
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Calcium |
| Nutrient Function |
Bone / teeth strength, Muscle contraction / relaxation, Blood clothing, Cell membrane permeability |
| Deficiency Potential |
Very common |
| Contributors to Deficiencies |
Magnesium deficiency, High phosphorus foods (soft drinks, animal protein), Excess dietary fat / fiber, Intestinal inflammation. Drugs, aluminum hydroxide, Barbiturates, H2 blockers, steroids, digoxin, antibiotics, phenytoin |
| Deficiencies Symptoms & Problems |
Osteoporosis, Osteomalacia, Muscle cramping, Irritability, Acute onset of anxiety, HTN, (increased incidence of colon cancer suspected) |
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Magnesium |
| Nutrient Function |
Prime regulator of calcium flow ATP production, Cofactors in >300 reactions, Vital for function of nerves an muscles |
| Deficiency Potential |
Extremely common |
| Contributors to Deficiencies |
Soil depletion / food processing, Excess calcium intake, Malabsorption, alcohol abuse, Liver / kidney disease, Diabetes, stress, Drugs, diuretics, steroids, digoxin, estrogens, tetracycline's |
| Deficiencies Symptoms & Problems |
Muscle weakness / tremor, leg cramps, irregular heart rate / HTN, Cardiac muscle spasm -> MI, Insomnia, anxiety, fatigue, Depression, confusion, Increased allergic response. |
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Zinc |
| Nutrient Function |
RNA, DNA, protein synthesis, Cell division, gene expression, DNA repair, Wound healing, T3 synthesis. |
| Deficiency Potential |
Marginal deficiency |
| Contributors to Deficiencies |
Soil depletion / food processing, Protein / calorie restricted diets, Malabsorption, alcoholism, Diabetes, Drugs, ACE inhibitors, steroids, diuretics, H2 blockers, zidovudine |
| Deficiencies Symptoms & Problems |
Impaired immune function, Pour wound healing, Depression, Impaired smell / taste, Skin, hair, nail problems, Joint pain, Fatigue, reduced endurance. |
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N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) and glutathione (GSH) |
| Nutrient Function |
Primary building blocks for glutathione, a critical intracellular antioxidant, Lowers homocysteine and lipoprotein (a), Heals lungs of free radical damage and inflammation, Decreases muscle fatigue, Aids liver detoxification, Boost immunity, protects against free radicals and heavy metal toxicity. |
| Deficiency Potential |
Common |
| Contributors to Deficiencies |
Disease, Stress, protein deficient diet. |
| Deficiencies Symptoms & Problems |
Free radical overload, Elevated homocysteine, risk of atherosclerosis / CAD, Increased risk of DNA mutation and cancer, cataracts, Macular degeneration, Impaired immune function, Impaired toxin elimination. |
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Antioxidants |
| Nutrient Function |
Neutralize free radicals, Prevent DNA damage,/ mutations, Prevent lipid oxidation / CAD. |
| Deficiency Potential |
Very common |
| Contributors to Deficiencies |
Disease, Stress, Poor diet. |
| Deficiencies Symptoms & Problems |
Free radical overload, Increased risk of atherosclerosis / CAD, cancer, cataracts, Macular degeneration, Skin wrinkling. |
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Glutamine |
| Nutrient Function |
Most abundant amino acid, protects intestinal integrity, primary source of energy for intestinal cells and for the immune system, Overall energy source, promotes wounds healing, Increases growth hormone production -> preserve muscle, decrease fat accumulation. |
| Deficiency Potential |
unknown |
| Contributors to Deficiencies |
Disease, Stress, poor diet |
| Deficiencies Symptoms & Problems |
Increases intestinal permeability to allergens / toxins, Intestinal inflammation, Food allergies, Inflammation arthritis, fatigue, Skin eruptions, Impaired immune function, poor wound healing, Slow recovery from illness. |
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B1 (thiamine) |
| Nutrient Function |
Neurotransmitter synthesis, ATP production, Muscle function, especially heart. |
| Deficiency Potential |
Very common |
| Contributors to Deficiencies |
Food processing, cooking, storage, Tea, coffee, alcohol, Malabsorption, Chronis dieting, Drugs, antibiotics, diuretics, phenytoin. |
| Deficiencies Symptoms & Problems |
Decreased cardiac function (CHF, cardiomyopathy), Decreased learning capacity, Age-related cognitive decline, Alzheimer's Disease, fatigue, reduced endurance. |
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B2 (riboflavin) |
| Nutrient Function |
Metabolism, ATP production, Growth and reproduction, Antioxidant properties, Regeneration of glutathione, Activation of vitamin B6. |
| Deficiency Potential |
Low |
| Contributors to Deficiencies |
Poor diet, Drugs, antibiotics, tricylic, antidepressants, oral contraceptives. |
| Deficiencies Symptoms & Problems |
Poor iron absorption / anemia, Decreased free radical protection, Cataracts, Impaired thyroid function, B6 deficiency, Fatigue, reduced endurance, Elevation homocysteine, risk of atherosclerosis / CAD. |
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B3 (niacin) |
| Nutrient Function |
Energy production, (Krebs cycle), Metabolism, Reduction of cholesterol and triglyceride levels, Calming effect / reduction od anxiety. |
| Deficiency Potential |
Very common (as high as 33 % of Americans) |
| Contributors to Deficiencies |
High sugar consumption, Low fat diets, Drugs, antibiotics |
| Deficiencies Symptoms & Problems |
Cracking, scaling skin, Digestive abnormalities, Mental confusion, Anxiety, Fatigue, reduced endurance. |
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B5 (pantothenic acid) |
| Nutrient Function |
Metabolism, transfer of 2 carbon units, synthesis of acetylcholine, phospholipids, porphrin, steroid hormones, Detoxification of alcohol, Stress reduction / adrenal function, Wound healing / skin health. |
| Deficiency Potential |
Rare |
| Contributors to Deficiencies |
Alcohol, Coffee / tea, Smoking |
| Deficiencies Symptoms & Problems |
Reduced stress tolerance, Poor wound healing, Skin problems, Fatigue, reduced endurance |
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B6 (pyridoxine) |
| Nutrient Function |
Enzyme co-factor, Amino acid metabolism, Neurotransmitter synthesis, serotonin, GABA, norepinephrine, acetylcholine |
| Deficiency Potential |
Very common |
| Contributors to Deficiencies |
Food processing, cooking, B2 deficiency, Rancid fats in fried foods, Alcohol, tobacco, soft drinks, Bran (interferes with absorption) Drugs, antibiotics, estrogens, diuretics oral contraceptives, Theophylline. |
| Deficiencies Symptoms & Problems |
Impaired serotonin synthesis, Depression, Sleep disturbance, Elevated homocysteine, risk of atherosclerosis / CAD, Skin abnormalities, Increased neuroendocrine response to hypoglycemia. |
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Biotin |
| Nutrient Function |
ATP production, healthy hair, nails, skin. |
| Deficiency Potential |
Rare |
| Contributors to Deficiencies |
Abnormal pyruvate decarboxylase, especially in diabetes. Drugs, antibiotics, phenytion, Carbamazepine |
| Deficiencies Symptoms & Problems |
Depression, nervous system abnormalities, , Premature graying / hair loss, Dry, scaly, wrinkled skin. |
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Folic acid |
| Nutrient Function |
DNA, RNA, synthesis / cell division / maturation of RBC's and immune system cells, Protection against cell dysplasia, Breakdown of homocysteine. |
| Deficiency Potential |
Very common |
| Contributors to Deficiencies |
Food processing / cooking, poor diet / advanced age. Drugs, aspirin, barbiturates, celecoxib, H2 blockers, steroids, NSAIDS, oral contraceptives, valproic acid, phenytoin. A |
| Deficiencies Symptoms & Problems |
Dysplasia (cervical mucosal), Anemio, impaired immune fxn, Elevated homocysteine, risk of atherosclerosis / CAD. Fatigue, insomnia, , Premature hair loss |
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B12 (cyanocobalamin) |
| Nutrient Function |
DNA synthesis / growth factor, Maturation of RBCs and immune system cells, Myelin synthesis / nervous system function, melatonin synthesis. |
| Deficiency Potential |
Very common |
| Contributors to Deficiencies |
Malabsorption, overgrowth of intestinal bacteria / parasites, Age -> atrophy of parietal cells -> decreased intrinsic factor prod., Stress, Alcohol, tobacco, caffiene, vegetarian diet. Druggs, antibiotics, H2 Blockers, proton pump inhibitors, metformin, phenytoin, potassium supplements cholchicine |
| Deficiencies Symptoms & Problems |
Pernicious anemia, Impaired immune function, Mental deterioration, Sleep disorders / reduced melatonin levels, Mucosal dyplasia, Elevated homocysteine, risk of atherosclerosis / CAD, Fatigue, reduced endurance |
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Selenium |
| Nutrient Function |
cofactor for enzyme glutathione peroxidase, anti-viral activity, increases immune function, activation of thyroid hormones, prevent lipidperoxidation. |
| Deficiency Potential |
Common |
| Contributors to Deficiencies |
Deficiency Contributors: insufficient dietary intake (fast / processed foods), soil depletion, protein calorie malnutrition, rheumatoid arthritis, eczyma, psoriasis, and the most inflammatory conditions |
| Deficiencies Symptoms & Problems |
Symptoms and Problems: destructive changes to heart and pancreas, sore muscles, increased fragility of red cells, weakened immune system |
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Coenzyme Q 10 (ubiquinone) |
| Nutrient Function |
ATP, energy production, antioxidant properties, prevents oxidation of LDL cholesterol, reduces risk of atherosclerosis, and other cardiovascular diseases |
| Deficiency Potential |
Common |
| Contributors to Deficiencies |
inadequate dietary intake of nutrients needed for synthesis (B1, B3, B6, B12, folate, pantothenate, C), prescription drugs |
| Deficiencies Symptoms & Problems |
Symptoms and Problems: congestive heart failure, high blood pressure, angina, mitral valve prolapse, stroke, cardiac arrhythmias, cardiomyopthies, lack of energy, gingivitis, and generalized weakening of the immune system |
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Alpha Lipoic Acid |
| Nutrient Function |
Functions: improve blood flow to peripheral nerves, decrease lipid per oxidation, increase glutathione levels in brain, increase insulin sensitivity, enhance glucose transport, energy production |
| Deficiency Potential |
Common |
| Contributors to Deficiencies |
compromised immune system, diabetes |
| Deficiencies Symptoms & Problems |
diabetic neuropathy, reduced muscle mass, increased risk of arthrosclerosis, Alzheimer's, failure to thrive, brain atrophy, increased lactic acid production |
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Carnitine |
| Nutrient Function |
regulates energy production for heart function, facilitates fat transport through cell membrane for energy production, oxidize amino acids for energy production, metabolize ketones |
| Deficiency Potential |
Low |
| Contributors to Deficiencies |
easily produced by the body |
| Deficiencies Symptoms & Problems |
elevated blood lipid, abnormal liver function, muscle weakness, reduced energy, impaired glucose control |
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Pantothenate (pantothenic Acid) |
| Nutrient Function |
metabolism (synthesis of acetylcholine, phospholipids, porphrin, steroid hormones) detoxification of alcohol, stress reduction / adrenal function, wound healing / skin health |
| Deficiency Potential |
Common |
| Contributors to Deficiencies |
alcohol, coffee / tea, smoking |
| Deficiencies Symptoms & Problems |
reduced stress tolerance, poor wound healing, skin problems, fatigue, reduced endurance |
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D (ergocalciferol) |
| Nutrient Function |
principal regulator of calcium homeostasis, skeletal development, adequate blood levels of insulin |
| Deficiency Potential |
Common |
| Contributors to Deficiencies |
inadequate exposure to sunlight |
| Deficiencies Symptoms & Problems |
osteoporosis, decreased calcium absorption, hyperparathyroidism |
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